12月1日是世界艾滋病日，今年的主题被确定为“知晓自己的HIV感染状况”。
截止2017年，全球共有3690万人被确诊为艾滋病毒携带者，其中3510万为成年感染，180万为15岁以下的儿童，其中2170万感染者在接受抗病毒治疗。然而，被确诊为艾滋病毒携带者中有四分之一的人并不知道他们感染了艾滋病。
因此，知晓自己的HIV感染状况是十分重要的，这对于艾滋病抗病毒治疗扩大化以及确保所有艾滋病毒感染者过上健康快乐的生活来说至关重要。另一方面，知晓自己的HIV感染状态并及时接受预防和治疗服务，可以使人们有效地保护自己和亲人。
今年的世界艾滋病日，加入我们一起来提高对知晓自身艾滋病毒感染状况的重视，并呼吁消除所有获取艾滋病毒检测服务时面临的障碍吧！
This year’s theme for World AIDS Day, which will be marking its 30th anniversary on 1 December, will be “Know your HIV status”.
Significant progress has been made in the AIDS response since 1988, and today three in four people living with HIV know their status. But we still have miles to go, as the latest UNAIDS report shows.
Around the world, 37 million people are living with HIV, the highest number ever, yet a quarter do not know that they have the virus.
Knowing your HIV status has many advantages. It is an essential entry point to HIV treatment, prevention, care and support services. People who test positive for HIV should be linked immediately to antiretroviral therapy to keep them alive and well and, when viral load suppression is reached, prevent transmission of the virus.
Knowing your HIV status also enables people to make informed decisions about HIV prevention options, including services to prevent children from becoming infected with HIV, harm reduction services for people who inject drugs.
Please join us in this year’s World AIDS Day in raising awareness about the importance of knowing one’s status and calling for the removal of all barriers to accessing HIV testing.
About World AIDS Day
World AIDS Day originated at the 1988 World Summit of Ministers of Health on Programs for AIDS Prevention. Since then, every year United Nations agencies, governments and civil society join together to campaign around specific themes related to AIDS.
防艾小知识：
什么是艾滋病
艾滋病是一种危害性极大的传染病，由感染艾滋病病毒（HIV病毒）引起。它把人体免疫系统中最重要的CD4T淋巴细胞作为主要攻击目标，大量破坏该细胞，使人体丧失免疫功能。
艾滋病和身在象牙塔中的学子们似乎有很远的距离，但我们绝不能漠视艾滋病的存在。近年来，青年学生（15-24岁）报告感染者人数呈增长趋势，已从2008年的482例上升到2017年的3077例。
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a disease predominantly spread through unprotected sex. The virus attacks the immune system and makes the sufferer vulnerable to infections.
Although the HIV rate is continuing to rise, with the correct treatment sufferers can live long and healthy lives.
如何预防艾滋病？
目前，艾滋病感染的主要途径是性传播，包括异性性传播和男性同性性传播，血液传播和母婴传播。艾滋病病毒在体外环境下很脆弱，通过空气、食物、水等一般性日常生活接触是不能传播艾滋病的。艾滋病病毒在蚊虫体内也不能生存，因此，艾滋病不能通过蚊虫途径传播。因此，预防艾滋病最主要的措施是避免不安全性行为。从危险程度来看，以生殖器-肛门性交传播艾滋病的危险性最高。无论发生男性同性行为还是异性之间的性行为，一定要坚持全程、正确使用安全套。
There are a few things which can be done to prevent you contracting HIV. The main precaution to take is wearing a condom every time you have sex and getting regular STI tests. The earlier you catch the infection – the easier it will be to start treatment.
艾滋病可以治愈吗？
自1981年在美国首先发现艾滋病以来，艾滋病已在全世界蔓延。虽然人类同艾滋病的斗争已有30多年，但到目前为止，仍未发现有效的疫苗和彻底治愈该病的方法。尽管艾滋病尚不能治愈，但尽早检测知晓感染状况并规范服用抗病毒治疗药物，可以延长生命，提高生活质量。
There are drugs available that can enable most people with the virus to live a long and healthy life – but unfortunately there is still no cure for the virus.
HIV can become resistant to medication very easily, so a combination of different drugs is usually prescribed together. Antiretroviral medications can be used to stop the virus from replicating in the body, which gives the immune system time to repair itself and prevent further damage.
来源：联合国艾滋病规划署 中国疾控艾防中心
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